Effect of white rot basidiomycetes on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of oat straw and alfalfa stems.

نویسندگان

  • H G Jung
  • F R Valdez
  • A R Abad
  • R A Blanchette
  • R D Hatfield
چکیده

Five white rot basidiomycetes were evaluated for their potential to improve ruminal degradation of oat straw and alfalfa stems. Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC), Scytinostroma galactinum (SG), Phlebia tremellosa (PT), Phellinus pini (PP), and Pholiota mutabilis (PM) were incubated on oat straw and alfalfa stems for 30 d at 28 degrees C and 90% relative humidity. Detergent fiber and total fiber components (neutral sugars, uronic acids, Klason lignin [KL], and ester- and ether-linked non-core lignin phenolics), core lignin nitrobenzene oxidation products, and IVDMD were determined. Electron microscopy of KMnO4-stained and cellulase/colloidal gold-labeled sections was used to monitor fungal activity. Large losses of DM were noted for all fungal species on both substrates. Lignin (KL and ADL) was removed (P less than .05) from oat straw by PC and PT treatment, but no net loss of lignin was observed for fungal treatment of alfalfa stems. Cell-wall polysaccharides were removed from both substrates by fungal activity. Only PC increased (P less than .05) IVDMD of oat straw, and SG, PT, PP, and PC treatment decreased (P less than .05) IVDMD of alfalfa stems, presumably because the fungi removed the most readily fermentable polysaccharides. Transmission electron microscopy using KMnO4 staining showed a nonselective white rot attack. Cytochemical studies using colloidal gold-labeled exo- and endocellulases were used to map the location of cellulose in the cell wall before and after decay by the white rot fungi. All the white rot fungi tested had eroded and thinned cell walls. Residual cell walls were well-labeled; both endo- and exocellulose-colloidal gold identified the cellulosic wall material that remained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Banana Peel and Effect of Its Different Levels on Digestibility and In Vitro Fermentation Parameters

The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and comparing the in vitro fermentation parameters of banana peel (BP) with wheat straw and alfalfa hay. Thereafter, BP was added at levels 0, 50, 100, 150 or 200 g/kg dry matter (DM) at the expense of dietary hay. Banana peel had higher crude protein (CP) content compared to wheat straw, but it was lower than alfalfa (P<0.05)....

متن کامل

Determination of Nutritional Value of Acroptilon Repens At Different Phonological Stages Compared To Alfalfa Hay and Wheat Straw in Laboratory Conditions

This research was conducted in order to determine chemical composition, gas production parameters, in vitro digestibility and ruminal degradability of Acroptilon repens at different phonological stages (vegetative, flowering and seeding) and its comparison with alfalfa hay and wheat straw in Completely Randomized Design. For this purpose, Acroptilon repens was prepared in three stages of growth...

متن کامل

Chemical Composition, Physical Characteristics, Rumen Degradability of NDF and NDF Fractionation in Rice Straw as an Effective Fibre in Ruminants

In order to determine of physical characteristics of rice straw as an effective source of fiber in ruminants, alfalfa hay, four varieties of rice straw (Taroum Neda, Taroum Neamat, Taroum Sangi, and Asgari), and four rations that contained four varieties of rice straws were investigated. The chemical (dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), nonfiber carbohydrates (N...

متن کامل

The efects of cultivar and location on composition and in vitro digestibility of winter and spring wheat straw

متن کامل

Enhancement in in Vitro Digestibility of Wheat Straw Obtained from Different Geographical Regions during Solid State Fermentation by White Rot Fungi

The study was carried out to find out the differences in the chemical composition of wheat straw obtained from three different regions of India, to compare their susceptibility to fungal degradation, and subsequently to evaluate the correlation between lignin loss and improvement in in vitro digestibility. Four Phlebia species were used to degrade different wheat straw samples during 30 days of...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من

ذخیره در منابع من قبلا به منابع من ذحیره شده

{@ msg_add @}


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Journal of animal science

دوره 70 6  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1992